Objective: Nursing professionalism is considered an essential component of nursing leadership, however,\nlittle is known about the levels of nursing professionalism from the global point of view. This study aimed\nto compare nursing professionalism among nurse leaders in the United States of America (U.S.A.) and\nJapan.\nMethods: This study used a descriptive design with cross-cultural comparative. Wheel of Professionalism\nin Nursing Model was applied as a theoretical framework and the corresponding inventory, Behavioral\nInventory for Professionalism in Nursing, was used to measure the level of professionalism. The\nsample was 126 nurse leaders from the U.S.A. and 182 nurse leaders from Japan. The 308 respondents'\nprofessional scores were compared by intervention groups using t-test. The Chi-square test and Fisher's\nexact test were performed to evaluate the degree of professional behaviors between the countries.\nResults: The results revealed that the mean total score of professionalism was significantly high in the\nU.S.A. The mean scores of professionalism subscales were also significantly high in the U.S.A. in the\ncategories of education preparation, community service, theory development, and self-regulation and\nautonomy, whereas publication and communication, and research development were significantly high\nin Japan.\nConclusion: The findings extend our understanding of the behaviors that contribute to nursing\nprofessionalism in different cultural contexts, and they provide a rare direct comparison of nursing\nprofessionalism in the U.S.A. and Japan.
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